CAFTA - Central America Free Trade Agreement
https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/cafta
Latest Update: 27 May 2025
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Monitoring Military, Political, Economic and Trade Alliances that Have an Impact on Global Order and Geopolitics
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
A Researcher in International Relations with a Focus on Security, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
For the Differences Between Military Defence Treaty versus Military Support Treaty versus Military Cooperation:
The Difference Between Military Defence Treaty versus Military Support Treaty versus Military Cooperation https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/military
The Importance of Political, Economic, and Trade Alliances:
Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). Restrictions on International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Nationalism-Mercantilism versus Trade Liberalism. Research Paper, PD9. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/research-papers/pd9
Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). The Chess Game of Forming International Trade Agreements: Shaping Global Economic and Political Power. Research Paper, PD10. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/research-papers/pd10
Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). Is the World Trade Organization (WTO) has a Future under the Mechanism of Consensus in Decision-Making?: A New Framework for Achieving Successful Rounds. Research Paper, PD11. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/research-papers/pd11
Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)
Trump’s Trade War has led to the situation that all the USA’s Free Trade Agreement (FTA) are not de-facto active anymore, because the Import Tariffs that imposed by Trump violate the FTA, which applies also to CAFTA-DR (US tariffs violate free trade deal with Central America, Guatemala says), still, keep in mind, that there is still a dynamic in relation to the Trump’s Trade War including regarding CAFTA-DR.
USA’s Bilateral Free Trade Agreements https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements
Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) and the latest version CAFTA-DR Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement is a regional Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the USA and several small South American countries, which was signed in 2004. However, since then, some governments among CAFTA members, like El Salvador and Guatemala, declared their opposition to this FTA, yet without making a formal withdrawal from CAFTA. Still, it negatively influences the trade activity of CAFTA.
Information about CAFTA-DR https://www.trade.gov/us-cafta-dr-free-trade-agreement
CAFTA - Membership Status
Stay Tuned for the CAFTA Membership sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
From Newspapers
Nearshoring textiles has been a success: Here's how we can do even better
Sanction Nicaragua's Textiles and Apparel? Easier Said Than Done
US tariffs violate free trade deal with Central America, Guatemala says
Tweaking US trade policy could hold the key to reducing migration from Central America
Central America’s trade agreement expected to spur more dairy trade
This Trump plan is actually a good one: revoking Nicaragua’s CAFTA trade perks | Opinion
From Scientific Literature - Research Papers and Research Books
Corporate responsibility and the US–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA): are they compatible? Quinteros, C. (2005). Corporate responsibility and the US–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA): are they compatible?. Development in Practice, 15(3-4), 572-583.
Trade policy, economic interests, and party politics in a developing country: The political economy of CAFTA-DR Hicks, R., Milner, H. V., & Tingley, D. (2014). Trade policy, economic interests, and party politics in a developing country: The political economy of CAFTA-DR. International Studies Quarterly, 58(1), 106-117.
Free trade and social citizenship: Prospects and possibilities of the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) Abrahamson, P. (2007). Free trade and social citizenship: Prospects and possibilities of the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR). Global Social Policy, 7(3), 339-357.
The impact of CAFTA on poverty, distribution, and growth in El Salvador Morley, S., Nakasone, E., & Piñeiro, V. (2007). The impact of CAFTA on poverty, distribution, and growth in El Salvador. Intl Food Policy Res Inst.
The impact of CAFTA on employment, production and poverty in Honduras Morley, S., Nakasone, E., & Piñeiro, V. (2008). The impact of CAFTA on employment, production and poverty in Honduras. Intl Food Policy Res Inst.
Preferential trade agreements and unilateral liberalization: evidence from CAFTA Tovar, P. (2012). Preferential trade agreements and unilateral liberalization: evidence from CAFTA. World Trade Review, 11(4), 591-619.
Impact of FDI and trade on environmental quality in the CAFTA-DR region Frutos-Bencze, D., Bukkavesa, K., & Kulvanich, N. (2017). Impact of FDI and trade on environmental quality in the CAFTA-DR region. Applied Economics Letters, 24(19), 1393-1398.
" A new way of doing politics": The movement against cafta in Costa Rica Rayner, J. (2014). " A new way of doing politics": The movement against cafta in Costa Rica. City University of New York.
CAFTA opposition: divergent networks, uneasy solidarities Finley-Brook, M., & Hoyt, K. (2009). CAFTA opposition: divergent networks, uneasy solidarities. Latin American Perspectives, 36(6), 27-45.
Towards better work in Central America: Nicaragua and the CAFTA context Bair, J., & Gereffi, G. (2014). Towards better work in Central America: Nicaragua and the CAFTA context. In Towards better work: Understanding labour in apparel global value chains (pp. 251-275). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework Rojas Rodríguez, J. R., & Matschke, X. (2023). The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework. International Economics and Economic Policy, 20(1), 27-93.
Main drivers of regional value chains in CAFTA: Does trade facilitation matter? Yu, Y., & Song, Z. (2023). Main drivers of regional value chains in CAFTA: Does trade facilitation matter?. Plos one, 18(12), e0289775.
Impact of textile raw material access on CAFTA-DR members' apparel exports to the United States: a quantitative evaluation Lu, S. (2024). Impact of textile raw material access on CAFTA-DR members’ apparel exports to the United States: a quantitative evaluation. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 115(4), 544-552.
Rethinking the CAFTA-DR: Addressing Implementation Gaps for Sustainable Commodity Production Laing, M. (2024). Rethinking the CAFTA-DR: Addressing Implementation Gaps for Sustainable Commodity Production. Wyo. L. Rev., 24, 191.
How Does Regional Trade Policy Uncertainty Affect the Quality of Imported Products?—An Analysis Using CAFTA Zhou, K., Yu, L., Han, Y., Kumar, S., & Wang, Y. (2025). How Does Regional Trade Policy Uncertainty Affect the Quality of Imported Products?—An Analysis Using CAFTA. The World Economy.
“Cross Treaty Interpretation” en bloc or How CAFTA-DR Tribunals Are Systematically Interpreting the FET Standard Based on NAFTA Case Law Dumberry, P. (2023). “Cross Treaty Interpretation” en bloc or How CAFTA-DR Tribunals Are Systematically Interpreting the FET Standard Based on NAFTA Case Law. The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals, 22(2), 384-418.
The impact of apparel specific rules of origin on US textile and apparel trade: case study on CAFTA-DR countries Colby-Oizumi, H., Freund, K., Tsigas, M. E., & Rodriguez, L. (2022). The impact of apparel specific rules of origin on US textile and apparel trade: case study on CAFTA-DR countries. Office of Industries, US International Trade Commission.
The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework Rojas Rodríguez, J. R., & Matschke, X. (2023). The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework. International Economics and Economic Policy, 20(1), 27-93.
