CAFTA-DR - Dominican Republic - Central America - United States Free Trade Agreement
https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/cafta
Latest Update: 26 May 2026
COPYRIGHT ©2023-2026 ZIVA ROZEN-BAKHER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Rozen-Bakher, Z, CAFTA - Central America Free Trade Agreement, Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/cafta
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Main Multilateral Trade/ Political/ Economic Alliances, as well as Multilateral Military Defence Treaties (MMDTs), Bilateral Military Defence Treaties (BMDTs), and Foreign Military Presence
Rozen-Bakher, Z. Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Researcher in International Relations and Foreign Policy with a Focus on International Security alongside Military, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Dominican Republic - Central America - United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)
The Dominican Republic - Central America - United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) is a regional Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the USA and several small South American countries. It started as the Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) in 2004, and after that, it became CAFTA-DR when the Dominican Republic joined the FTA. However, since then, some governments among CAFTA members, such as El Salvador and Guatemala, have declared their opposition to this FTA, yet without making a formal withdrawal from CAFTA, but it negatively influences the trade activity of CAFTA. Nevertheless, Trump’s Trade War has led to the situation that all the USA’s Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) are not fully active anymore because the Import Tariffs that are imposed by Trump violate the FTAs of the USA, which also applies to CAFTA-DR (US tariffs violate free trade deal with Central America, Guatemala says).
Information about CAFTA-DR https://www.trade.gov/us-cafta-dr-free-trade-agreement
Map of CAFTA-DR by Membership Status
List of CAFTA-DR by Membership Status, sorted by Alphabetical Order
CAFTA-DR by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E15. CAFTA - Multilateral Alliance: Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/gsr/2025/e/cafta
Section E15 - List of Contents
Section E15. CAFTA - Multilateral Alliance: Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Section E15.1 CAFTA - Membership Status: Geopolitical Position, sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E15.2 CAFTA - Members: Global Survival Rank Indicators (R1-R7), sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Relevant Items From the Research Projects of Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). FDI’s Unresolved Risk of Cultural Distance - Alternatives Measuring to National Cultural Values: Language Distance, Religion Distance, and Cultural Openness. Unpublished Research Paper, PD7. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/unpublished-research-papers/pd7
Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). Legal Distance in FDI - The Differences in the Legal Location Factors between the Home country, Host country, and International Law: Risk Analysis. Unpublished Research Paper, PD8. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/unpublished-research-papers/pd8
Rozen-Bakher, Z., Are Trump’s ‘Reciprocal Tariff’ Illegal?: The Violation of the USA’s Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), Risks Timeline by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 29 May 2025, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/timeline-risks/29/05/2025/1824
CAFTA-DR Members by the Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Rozen-Bakher, Z. Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher by Alphabetical Order https://www.rozen-bakher.com/search-blog-1
The copy of this section was carried out under the cyber of ICCG
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Costa Rica, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 26 July 2024, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/26072024/costarica
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Dominican Republic, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 21 May 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/05/21/dominican-republic
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , El Salvador, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 15 June 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/06/15/el-salvador
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Guatemala, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 18 May 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/05/18/guatemala
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Honduras, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 30 November 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/11/30/honduras
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Nicaragua, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 18 June 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/06/18/nicaragua
· Rozen-Bakher, Z. , United States, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 21 April 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/21042021/united-states
From Scientific Literature - Research Papers and Research Books
CAFTA-DR, European Free Trade Agreements and the Industrial Property System in Central America: A Contribution to the TRIPS-plus Debate Böttger, F. (2025). CAFTA-DR, European Free Trade Agreements and the Industrial Property System in Central America: A Contribution to the TRIPS-plus Debate. Springer Nature.
The impacts of CAFTA-DR on gender inequality and apparel trade in El Salvador Robertson, C. M., & Ha-Brookshire, J. (2025). The impacts of CAFTA-DR on gender inequality and apparel trade in El Salvador. International Journal of Sustainable Fashion & Textiles, 4(2), 179-202.
How does regional trade policy uncertainty affect the quality of imported products?—an analysis using CAFTA Zhou, K., Yu, L., Han, Y., Kumar, S., & Wang, Y. (2025). How does regional trade policy uncertainty affect the quality of imported products?—an analysis using CAFTA. The World Economy, 48(7), 1483-1495.
Corporate responsibility and the US–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA): are they compatible? Quinteros, C. (2005). Corporate responsibility and the US–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA): are they compatible?. Development in Practice, 15(3-4), 572-583.
Trade policy, economic interests, and party politics in a developing country: The political economy of CAFTA-DR Hicks, R., Milner, H. V., & Tingley, D. (2014). Trade policy, economic interests, and party politics in a developing country: The political economy of CAFTA-DR. International Studies Quarterly, 58(1), 106-117.
Free trade and social citizenship: Prospects and possibilities of the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) Abrahamson, P. (2007). Free trade and social citizenship: Prospects and possibilities of the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR). Global Social Policy, 7(3), 339-357.
The impact of CAFTA on poverty, distribution, and growth in El SalvadorMorley, S., Nakasone, E., & Piñeiro, V. (2007). The impact of CAFTA on poverty, distribution, and growth in El Salvador. Intl Food Policy Res Inst.
The impact of CAFTA on employment, production and poverty in Honduras Morley, S., Nakasone, E., & Piñeiro, V. (2008). The impact of CAFTA on employment, production and poverty in Honduras. Intl Food Policy Res Inst.
Preferential trade agreements and unilateral liberalization: evidence from CAFTA Tovar, P. (2012). Preferential trade agreements and unilateral liberalization: evidence from CAFTA. World Trade Review, 11(4), 591-619.
Impact of FDI and trade on environmental quality in the CAFTA-DR region Frutos-Bencze, D., Bukkavesa, K., & Kulvanich, N. (2017). Impact of FDI and trade on environmental quality in the CAFTA-DR region. Applied Economics Letters, 24(19), 1393-1398.
" A new way of doing politics": The movement against cafta in Costa RicaRayner, J. (2014). " A new way of doing politics": The movement against cafta in Costa Rica. City University of New York.
CAFTA opposition: divergent networks, uneasy solidarities Finley-Brook, M., & Hoyt, K. (2009). CAFTA opposition: divergent networks, uneasy solidarities. Latin American Perspectives, 36(6), 27-45.
Towards better work in Central America: Nicaragua and the CAFTA context Bair, J., & Gereffi, G. (2014). Towards better work in Central America: Nicaragua and the CAFTA context. In Towards better work: Understanding labour in apparel global value chains (pp. 251-275). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework Rojas Rodríguez, J. R., & Matschke, X. (2023). The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework. International Economics and Economic Policy, 20(1), 27-93.
Main drivers of regional value chains in CAFTA: Does trade facilitation matter? Yu, Y., & Song, Z. (2023). Main drivers of regional value chains in CAFTA: Does trade facilitation matter?. Plos one, 18(12), e0289775.
Impact of textile raw material access on CAFTA-DR members' apparel exports to the United States: a quantitative evaluation Lu, S. (2024). Impact of textile raw material access on CAFTA-DR members’ apparel exports to the United States: a quantitative evaluation. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 115(4), 544-552.
Rethinking the CAFTA-DR: Addressing Implementation Gaps for Sustainable Commodity Production Laing, M. (2024). Rethinking the CAFTA-DR: Addressing Implementation Gaps for Sustainable Commodity Production. Wyo. L. Rev., 24, 191.
How Does Regional Trade Policy Uncertainty Affect the Quality of Imported Products?—An Analysis Using CAFTA Zhou, K., Yu, L., Han, Y., Kumar, S., & Wang, Y. (2025). How Does Regional Trade Policy Uncertainty Affect the Quality of Imported Products?—An Analysis Using CAFTA. The World Economy.
“Cross Treaty Interpretation” en bloc or How CAFTA-DR Tribunals Are Systematically Interpreting the FET Standard Based on NAFTA Case Law Dumberry, P. (2023). “Cross Treaty Interpretation” en bloc or How CAFTA-DR Tribunals Are Systematically Interpreting the FET Standard Based on NAFTA Case Law. The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals, 22(2), 384-418.
The impact of apparel specific rules of origin on US textile and apparel trade: case study on CAFTA-DR countries Colby-Oizumi, H., Freund, K., Tsigas, M. E., & Rodriguez, L. (2022). The impact of apparel specific rules of origin on US textile and apparel trade: case study on CAFTA-DR countries. Office of Industries, US International Trade Commission.
The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework Rojas Rodríguez, J. R., & Matschke, X. (2023). The CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement—Analyzing its effects in a modern gravity framework. International Economics and Economic Policy, 20(1), 27-93.
