Eurozone

https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/eurozone

Latest Update: 27 May 2025

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Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher

Monitoring Military, Political, Economic and Trade Alliances that Have an Impact on Global Order and Geopolitics

Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances

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Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher

A Researcher in International Relations with a Focus on Security, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade

CV

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For the Differences Between Military Defence Treaty versus Military Support Treaty versus Military Cooperation:

• The Difference Between Military Defence Treaty versus Military Support Treaty versus Military Cooperation https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/military

The Importance of Political, Economic, and Trade Alliances:

• Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). Restrictions on International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Nationalism-Mercantilism versus Trade Liberalism. Research Paper, PD9. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/research-papers/pd9

• Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). The Chess Game of Forming International Trade Agreements: Shaping Global Economic and Political Power. Research Paper, PD10. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/research-papers/pd10

• Rozen-Bakher, Z. (2021). Is the World Trade Organization (WTO) has a Future under the Mechanism of Consensus in Decision-Making?: A New Framework for Achieving Successful Rounds. Research Paper, PD11. https://www.rozen-bakher.com/research-papers/pd11

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Eurozone

Eurozone refers to the Countries that use the Euro Currency, either based on the EU membership or Agreement with the EU or voluntarily. The objective of creating a New International Economic Order by the Russia-China Coalition (e.g. via BRICS) to challenge the USA dominance includes also a Currency-War against Dollarization. Thereby, under the Currency-War between Dollarization and Anti-Dollarization, the Euro Currency gives an important alternative because in total 39 Countries and Colonies worldwide use the Euro.

The Euro - European Central Bank https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/html/index.en.html

Eurozone - Membership Status, 05 May 2025

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Stay Tuned for the Eurozone Membership sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher

From 2024 Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher

2024 Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/global-survival-rank-zrb/2024

Section E29. Eurozone https://www.rozen-bakher.com/gsr/2024/e/29

List of Contents - Section E29. Eurozone

• E29.1 Eurozone: EU Countries and EU Colonies that Use the Euro

• E29.2 Eurozone: EU Countries and EU Colonies that Use the Euro including Euro Agreements & Euro Unilaterally

• E29.3 Eurozone: Candidates and Dialogue Partners

• E29.4 Eurozone: EU Countries and EU Colonies that Use the Euro including Euro Agreements, Euro Unilaterally and Official Candidates of the Eurozone29. Eurozone

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From Newspapers

• Trump U-turn may have saved stocks, but ECB council member says U.S. is killing world confidence in the Dollar: 'Thank God Europe created the Euro'

• US dollar's decline raises question: can the euro become the next global reserve currency?

• BNB Provided Clarifications on Bulgarias Eurozone Accession

• Central bank head: Bulgaria meets criteria for joining euro zone

• Eurozone loses momentum: growth projected below 1 percent

• 'Attentive' ECB can lean against euro rise

• Shot by Both Sides, the Eurozone Faces Recession Threat

• ECB blames ‘high uncertainty’ as it cuts eurozone growth estimate

• Eurozone inflation falls for second consecutive month to 2.2%

• Cabinet Moves Forward on Bulgaria’s OECD and Eurozone Integration Efforts

• Is Bulgaria's Budget Just an Excuse for Failed Eurozone Bid?

• The Eurozone is stagnating: is there light at the end of the tunnel? ᐉ News from Fakti.bg - Opinions

• Inflation in eurozone rises unexpectedly, ECB remains careful with interest rate letings – Odd News

• Government debt at 88.2% of GDP in euro area

• Eurozone’s Economic Future Uncertain as ECB Fights Inflation and Volatility

• Eurozone is likely next in the tariff war

• Eurozone Inflation Picks Up Pace in Blow to Rate-Cut Hopes - WSJ

• The eurozone economy is not dead (yet)

• Eurozone Business Activity Slumps Again In October

• Eurozone on brink as ECB forced into drastic interest rate move for first time in 13 years

• Eurozone Expands Faster Than Expected, But Outlook Remains Fragile

• Eurozone economic activity still in decline, PMI survey shows

• Eurozone Activity Stagnates on Germany, France Weakness

• Eurozone Economy Keeps Pace Despite German Weakness - WSJ

• Fall in German business activity drags down Eurozone economy

• The EU reveals when Hungary could join the eurozone

• European Central Bank cuts interest rate to 3.75%

• Eurozone manufacturing sector hits six-month low on new order slowdown

• Bulgaria is not ready for eurozone, say European Commission and ECB

• Eurozone inflation slows to 2.5% in June, boosting ECB rate cut hopes

• Poland will not yet adopt the euro, finance minister says

• Dollar hits one-month low against euro before US data, edges down vs yen

• EUR/USD in Hold Mode Ahead of Fed, ECB: Longer-Term Correction Could Deepen

• Analysis-Recovering euro keeps dollar 'gorilla' from scuppering ECB rate outlook

• Euro Climbs Amid Vigorous Euro Zone Business Activity

• EU reprimands Kosovo's move to close Serb bank branches over the use of the dinar currency

• European banks embark on currency diversification drive

• Dollar cuts loss vs euro as US business activity quickens in May

• Dollar hits one-month low against euro before US data, falls vs yen

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From Scientific Literature - Research Papers and Research Books

• Ready for a digital Euro? Insights from a research agenda Cotugno, M., Manta, F., Perdichizzi, S., & Stefanelli, V. (2024). Ready for a digital Euro? Insights from a research agenda. Research in International Business and Finance, 67, 102117.

• Tracking global economic uncertainty: implications for the euro area Bobasu, A., Quaglietti, L., & Ricci, M. (2024). Tracking global economic uncertainty: implications for the euro area. IMF Economic Review, 72(2), 820-857.

• Economic uncertainty, public debt and non-performing loans in the Eurozone: Three systemic crises Zeqiraj, V., Gurdgiev, C., Sohag, K., & Hammoudeh, S. (2024). Economic uncertainty, public debt and non-performing loans in the Eurozone: Three systemic crises. International Review of Financial Analysis, 93, 103208.

• Reforming the Eurozone financial system: A system-dynamics approach van Egmond, N. D., & de Vries, B. J. M. (2024). Reforming the Eurozone financial system: A system-dynamics approach. International Review of Financial Analysis, 93, 103192.

• How does monetary policy affect income and wealth inequality? Evidence from quantitative easing in the euro area Lenza, M., & Slacalek, J. (2024). How does monetary policy affect income and wealth inequality? Evidence from quantitative easing in the euro area. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 39(5), 746-765.

• Does the Eurozone live in a Minskyan world? Charles, S. (2024). Does the Eurozone live in a Minskyan world?. Research in Economics, 78(4), 100984.

• Does monetary policy affect income inequality in the euro area? Samarina, A., & Nguyen, A. D. (2024). Does monetary policy affect income inequality in the euro area?. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 56(1), 35-80.

• Gas price shocks and euro area inflation Adolfsen, J. F., Minesso, M. F., Mork, J. E., & Van Robays, I. (2024). Gas price shocks and euro area inflation. Journal of International Money and Finance, 149, 103183.

• The euro: How a common currency threatens the future of Europe Stiglitz, J. E. (2016). The euro: How a common currency threatens the future of Europe. WW Norton & Company.

• From Sick Man of Europe to the German economic power house. Two narratives: ordoliberalism versus euro-currency regime Young, B. (2021). From Sick Man of Europe to the German economic power house. Two narratives: ordoliberalism versus euro-currency regime. In Imbalance (pp. 176-190). Routledge.

• The Euro Area: Does one currency fit all? Nikas, C., Stoupos, N., & Kiohos, A. (2019). The Euro Area: Does one currency fit all?. International Review of Applied Economics, 33(5), 642-658.

• The Incomplete Currency: the future of the euro and solutions for the Eurozone Minenna, M., Boi, G. M., & Verzella, P. (2016). The Incomplete Currency: the future of the euro and solutions for the Eurozone. John Wiley & Sons.

• The political economy of failure: The euro as an international currency Germain, R., & Schwartz, H. (2014). The political economy of failure: The euro as an international currency. Review of International Political Economy, 21(5), 1095-1122.

• The future of global currency: the euro versus the dollar Cohen, B. J. (2012). The future of global currency: the euro versus the dollar. Routledge.

• The euro: the politics of the new global currency Marsh, D. (2009). The euro: the politics of the new global currency. Yale University Press.

• Recent Developments in the Currency War: The Euro, the Dollar, the Yen, and the BEMU Wu, E. Y. (2000). Recent Developments in the Currency War: The Euro, the Dollar, the Yen, and the BEMU. Conn. J. Int'l L., 15, 1.

• The emergence of the euro as an international currency Portes, R., & Rey, H. (1998). The emergence of the euro as an international currency. Economic Policy, 13(26), 306-343.

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From Documentaries and Inside TV News

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