OPEC - Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
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Latest Update: 25 May 2026
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Rozen-Bakher, Z, OPEC - Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/opec
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Main Multilateral Trade/ Political/ Economic Alliances, as well as Multilateral Military Defence Treaties (MMDTs), Bilateral Military Defence Treaties (BMDTs), and Foreign Military Presence
Rozen-Bakher, Z. Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Researcher in International Relations and Foreign Policy with a Focus on International Security alongside Military, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
OPEC - Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a Political Economic Alliance that focuses on the Arrangements of the Oil Market by controlling the Oil Production and the Oil Export among Countries that have Significant Proved-Reserves of Oil and GAS. OPEC includes the Funders Members and the Full members that established OPEC, while OPEC+ includes the countries that joined voluntarily the mechanism of OPEC in 2016 to protect the interests of the Oil Market. The Embargo on Oil that OPEC imposed on Israel's Allies following the Yom-Kippur War (1973) is a good example of the Economic Power of OPEC during long wars. However, the USA-Israel War against Iran has changed the ‘Rules of Game’ of OPEC in a way that the controlling of Hormuz by Iran has led de-facto to an embargo on oil against the USA, Israel and their allies. It also impacts the ability of GCC countries to export Oil and Gas as it was done before the war against Iran, which even led the UAE to withdraw from OPEC to avoid any limitation on oil production and oil export by OPEC as part of the objective of the UAE to cooperate more with the USA and Israel instead of with the OPEC members or even with GCC members.
Official Website of OPEC https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/
Map of OPEC and OPEC+
List of OPEC by Membership Status, sorted by Alphabetical Order
List of OPEC+, sorted by Alphabetical Order
OPEC by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E29. OPEC - Multilateral Alliance: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/gsr/2025/e/opec
Section E29 - List of Contents
Section E29. OPEC - Multilateral Alliance: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Section E29.1 OPEC - Membership Status: Geopolitical Position, sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E29.2 OPEC and OPEC Plus: Global Survival Rank Indicators (R1-R7), sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E29.2.1 OPEC - Members: Global Survival Rank Indicators (R1-R7), sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E29.2.2 Members of OPEC and Voluntary Members of OPEC Plus: Global Survival Rank Indicators (R1-R7), sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Relevant Items From the Research Projects of Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher:
Rozen-Bakher, Z., Did Trump kidnap President of Venezuela Nicolás Maduro and his Wife due to Drug Trafficking or for Venezuelan Oil?, Risks Timeline by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 07 January 2026, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/timeline-risks/07/01/2026/0542
Rozen-Bakher, Z., Embargo on Oil: The Weapon of Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) against Israel and its Allies amid Israeli Attack in Gaza, Risks Timeline by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 16 February 2024, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/timeline-risks/16/02/2024/1850
Section E31. Multilateral Alliance: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 2024 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/gsr/2024/e/31
OPEC+: Brazil Formally Moved From the ‘West Family’ to the ‘East Family’, Risks Timeline by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 31 December 2023, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/timeline-risks/31/12/2023/0855
Rozen-Bakher, Z., Gas & Oil War-Sanctions: USA Coalition vs. Russian Coalition, Monitoring Risks by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 07 April 2022, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-risks/07/04/2022
Rozen-Bakher, Z., Sanctions, Global Risks by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 27 July 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/forum/2021/07/27/sanctions
Rozen-Bakher, Z. Energy Security: Oil and Gas List, Twitter-X Lists of Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher via the Twitter-X Account @ZivaRozenBakher, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/identify-risks/oil-and-gas-list
OPEC and OPEC+ Members by the Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
Rozen-Bakher, Z. Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher by Alphabetical Order https://www.rozen-bakher.com/search-blog-1
The copy of this section was carried out under the cyber of ICCG
OPEC Members
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Iran, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 27 May 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/05/27/iran
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Iraq, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 26 May 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/05/26/iraq
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Kuwait, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 27 March 2025, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/27032025/kuwait
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Saudi Arabia, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 12 June 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/06/12/saudi-arabia
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Venezuela, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 01 November 2022, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2022/11/01/venezuela
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Algeria, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 24 March 2025, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/24032025/algeria
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Congo, Republic, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 15 July 2024, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/15072024/congo-republic
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Equatorial Guinea, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 17 May 2022, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2022/05/17/equatorial-guinea
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Gabon, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 18 December 2023, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/18122023/gabon
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Libya, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 06 August 2023, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/06082023/libya
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Nigeria, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 14 June 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/06/14/nigeria
OPEC+ Members
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Azerbaijan, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 25 June 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/06/25/azerbaijan
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Bahrain, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 05 February 2023, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2023/02/05/bahrain
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Brazil, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 30 September 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/09/30/brazil
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Brunei, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 13 February 2024, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/13022024/brunei
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Kazakhstan, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 26 August 2022, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2022/08/26/kazakhstan
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Malaysia, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 20 June 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/06/20/malaysia
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Mexico, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 27 December 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/12/27/mexico
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Oman, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 10 August 2024, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/10082024/oman
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Russia, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 01 April 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/01042021/russia
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , South Sudan, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 06 May 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/05/06/south-sudan
Rozen-Bakher, Z. , Sudan, Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, 19 August 2021, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/2021/08/19/sudan
From Scientific Literature - Research Papers and Research Books
The effectiveness of OPEC and OPEC+ from 2009 to 2024: An empirical appraisal Montant, G. (2025). The effectiveness of OPEC and OPEC+ from 2009 to 2024: An empirical appraisal. Resources Policy, 103, 105529.
Sovereignty in the global economic order: histories of OPEC Madureira, N. L. (2025). Sovereignty in the global economic order: histories of OPEC. Frontiers in Political Science, 7, 1733529.
Political economy of the US-OPEC tussle in the global oil market: understanding Nigeria's revenue and debt crises Udeogu, C. U. (2025). Political economy of the US-OPEC tussle in the global oil market: understanding Nigeria’s revenue and debt crises. International Politics, 1-31.
The impact of oil price shocks on oil and gas production amidst geopolitical risk in OPEC: insights from method of moments quantile regression Islam, M. S., Ahmed, F., Islam, M. M., Rehman, A. U., & Alam, M. F. (2025). The impact of oil price shocks on oil and gas production amidst geopolitical risk in OPEC: insights from method of moments quantile regression. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 16(2), 9776-9805.
OPEC and the 1970s oil crises: lessons for the 2021 global energy crisis Tache, I. (2024). OPEC and the 1970s oil crises: lessons for the 2021 global energy crisis. In Conflicts and Challenges in the Middle East: Religious, Political and Economic Perspectives (pp. 61-77). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
What drives OPEC production policy? Roeben, V. (2024). What drives OPEC production policy?. The Journal of World Energy Law & Business, 17(1), 19-34.
From oil reliance to financial resilience: have economic sanctions made OPEC countries' healthcare financing independent from oil? Al Mustanyir, S. (2024). From oil reliance to financial resilience: have economic sanctions made OPEC countries’ healthcare financing independent from oil?. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2331281.
OPEC and non-OPEC production, global demand, and the financialization of oil Razek, N. H., & Michieka, N. M. (2019). OPEC and non-OPEC production, global demand, and the financialization of oil. Research in International Business and Finance, 50, 201-225.
OPEC at 60: The world with and without OPEC Economou, A., & Fattouh, B. (2021). OPEC at 60: The world with and without OPEC. OPEC Energy Review, 45(1), 3-28.
A dynamic network analysis of the world oil market: Analysis of OPEC and non-OPEC members Al Rousan, S., Sbia, R., & Tas, B. K. O. (2018). A dynamic network analysis of the world oil market: Analysis of OPEC and non-OPEC members. Energy Economics, 75, 28-41.
The influence of OPEC+ on oil prices: a quantitative assessment Quint, D., & Venditti, F. (2023). The influence of OPEC+ on oil prices: a quantitative assessment. The Energy Journal, 44(5), 173-186.
The Effectiveness of OPEC and Opec+ from 2009 to 2023: An Empirical Appraisal Montant, G. (2024). The Effectiveness of OPEC and Opec+ from 2009 to 2023: An Empirical Appraisal. Available at SSRN 4700404.
Oil market cyclical shocks and fiscal stance in OPEC+ Sohag, K., Kalina, I., & Samargandi, N. (2024). Oil market cyclical shocks and fiscal stance in OPEC+. Energy, 296, 130949.
Tariff and non-tariff instruments of OPEC+ trade warsZhang, Y., Hajiyev, N., & Smirnov, V. (2021). Tariff and non-tariff instruments of OPEC+ trade wars. Energy Strategy Reviews, 38, 100771.
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Wagner, H. L. (2009). The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Infobase Publishing.
From oil reliance to financial resilience: have economic sanctions made OPEC countries' healthcare financing independent from oil? Al Mustanyir, S. (2024). From oil reliance to financial resilience: have economic sanctions made OPEC countries’ healthcare financing independent from oil?. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2331281.
The impact of Iran's economic sanctions on Iran and OPEC countries's crude oil trade: application of the generalized gravity model Karimpour, S., Ghasemi, A., & Mohamadi, T. (2020). The impact of Iran's economic sanctions on Iran and OPEC countries's crude oil trade: application of the generalized gravity model. Iranian Energy Economics, 9(34), 143-172.
Determinants of International Reserves Among Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Bada, O. T., Adetiloye, K. A., Olokoyo, F. O., & Ukporhe, G. (2022). Determinants of International Reserves Among Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe, 25(3), 111-133.
