https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/arableague

Latest Update: 21 October 2025

Rozen-Bakher, Z, Arab League, Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/alliances/arableague

Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher

Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Multilateral Alliances, Including Multilateral Military Defence Treaty (MMDT), Bilateral Military Defence Treaty (BMDT), and Foreign Military Presence, which Have a Geopolitical Impact on Global Order

Rozen-Bakher, Z. Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances

**Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher**

Researcher in International Relations and Foreign Policy with a Focus on International Security alongside Military, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade

CV

For Military Defence Treaty versus Military Support Treaty versus Military Cooperation, please see Section B2 in Section B. Introduction: Why do we need a Global Survival Rank?, 2024 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher, https://www.rozen-bakher.com/gsr/2024/e/introduction

B2.1 Basic Key Definitions
- B2.1.1 Multilateral Military Treaty versus Bilateral Military Treaty
- B2.1.2 Treaty with Equal Commitment to Defend (Two-Directions) versus Treaty with Non-Equal Commitment to Defend (One-Direction)
- B2.1.3 Active Military Treaty versus Inactive Military Treaty
B2.2 Military Defence Treaty
B2.3 Military Support Treaty
B2.4 Military Cooperation
- B2.4.1 Military Cooperation Under Multilateral Trade/Economic/Political Alliances
- B2.4.2 Joint-Intelligence Multilateral Alliance
- B2.4.3 Ad-hoc Military Coalition
- B2.4.4 Presence of Military Bases in Foreign Countries
- B2.4.5 Joint Military Drills
- B2.4.6 Selling Weapons and Military Training

Arab League and its Joint Defence Treaty

Arab League is a Political-Military-Economic Alliance that has a hard definition of Military Defence Treaty with a Commitment to Defence in the Case of an Attack. The Joint Defence Treaty (Article 2) of the Arab League was signed in 1950 (see below). However, even before that, the Arab League mobilised the Arab Armies during the 1948 Palestine war amid the establishment of the State of Israel based on the Arab League Defence Pact (Article 6) that was signed earlier in 1945 (see below). Still, only in 1961, the Arab League established the Joint Arab Command (JAC) to coordinate the Joint Defence based on the principles of the Joint Defence Treaty of the Arab League. Nevertheless, in 2015, the Arab League agreed in principle to form a Joint Military Force to improve the response of Arab Countries in the case of Military Crises and Wars. Although in 2025, the Arab League rejected the proposal of Egypt to form an ‘Arab NATO Force’, which was mainly rejected by GCC countries, likely because they already have their own Force, the Peninsula Shield Force.

Note, it is important to distinguish between ‘Arab Country’ and ‘Muslim Country’ because the Arab League includes only Arab-Muslim Countries (e.g., Egypt), while it excludes Non-Arab-Muslim Countries (e.g., Iran), yet there is a coordination between the Arab League and the OIC (Islamic Countries), including Joint Summits regarding critical issues, such as in the case of Palestine.

Official Website of Arab League http://www.leagueofarabstates.net
Facebook - Arab League https://www.facebook.com/arab.league
Hard Definition of Military Defence Treaty of Arab League
- Joint Defence and Economic Co-Operation Treaty Between the States of the Arab League (Joint Defense Treaty -Article 2) https://avalon.law.yale.edu/21st_century/arabjoin.asp
- Arab League Pact (Arab League Defence Pact - Article 6) https://avalon.law.yale.edu/21st_century/arableag.asp#art6

Arab League - Membership Status, 2025 GSR

For Full Details about the Membership Status and 2025 GSR:

Section E12. Arab League - Multilateral Alliance: Arab League and its Joint Defence Treaty, 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/gsr/2025/e/arab-league

Section E12 - List of Contents

Section E12. Arab League - Multilateral Alliance: Arab League and its Joint Defence Treaty, 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR) by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher

Section E12.1 Arab League - Membership Status: Geopolitical Position, sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Section E12.2 Arab League - Members: Global Survival Rank Indicators (R1-R7), sorted by 2025 Global Survival Rank (GSR)

From Newspapers

From Scientific Literature - Research Papers and Research Books

Examining the dynamics of Muslim solidarity: a comparison of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Arab League Abbas, K., & Ahmed, Z. S. (2024). Examining the dynamics of Muslim solidarity: a comparison of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Arab League. In Research Handbook on International Solidarity and the Law (pp. 297-311). Edward Elgar Publishing.
League of Arab States Citaristi, I. (2022). League of Arab States. In The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2022 (pp. 670-679). Routledge.
Solidarity in the League of Arab States Del Chicca, M. (2022). Solidarity in the League of Arab States. In Solidarity in International Law (pp. 303-320). Routledge.
Legitimation, regime survival, and shifting alliances in the Arab League: Explaining sanction politics during the Arab Spring Debre, M. J. (2021). Legitimation, regime survival, and shifting alliances in the Arab League: Explaining sanction politics during the Arab Spring. International Political Science Review, 42(4), 516-530.
Security conceptions and practices in the Middle East: the case of the Arab League Hinnebusch, R. (2013). Security conceptions and practices in the Middle East: the case of the Arab League. In Regional Organisations and Security (pp. 121-138). Routledge.

Arab League